Knowledge about product quality inspection reports

The product quality inspection report can comprehensively and objectively reflect the quality information of the product, and is generally completed by a third-party professional inspection agency independent of both the supply and demand sides. Third party professional inspection agencies have relative independence and impartiality, and are qualified to issue impartial data (inspection reports) to the society. The inspection report made by a production enterprise on its own products is called a first party (supplier) inspection report, and due to its vested interests, it does not have the qualification to provide fair data to society. In order to ensure the inspection capability of third-party inspection agencies and the scientific and impartial nature of their inspection work, relevant national departments grant metrology certification certificates to inspection agencies after confirming their metrological capabilities, and allow them to affix the CMA seal (including the metrology certificate number and issuance date, with a validity period of five years, the same below) on the inspection report. According to the National Metrology Law, any behavior of making inspection reports without obtaining a metrology certificate will be fined. After confirming the inspection capability of the inspection agency, the relevant national departments grant the inspection agency an acceptance and authorization certificate, and allow it to stamp the CAL seal (including certificate number and issuance date) on the inspection report. The inspection report issued by a third-party impartial inspection agency must have the above two chapters. For national level product inspection centers and product inspection institutes in provinces and municipalities directly under the central government, relevant national departments require them to undergo national laboratory accreditation. Other inspection agencies, including laboratories of manufacturing enterprises, can also apply for voluntary accreditation. Allow accredited laboratories to use the "China Laboratory National Accreditation" certificate (including the number and date of issuance). All of the above are symbols of the qualifications of inspection agencies. When commercial enterprises conduct procurement inspections, they not only need to consider the content of the inspection report, but also the qualifications of the inspection agency that issued the report. The first two qualifications are required. The seals proving these qualifications are displayed on the cover of the inspection report for identification by customers using the inspection report.

Open the inspection report, the first page, also known as the homepage, contains the most information and is the most important. The product names, specifications, manufacturers, manufacturing dates, etc. listed above are the basic information of the inspection report, and the following important information must also be noted:

1、 Nature of Inspection - Supervised Inspection and Commissioned Inspection

Supervision inspection is a quality spot check inspection issued by relevant national departments. The inspection samples are randomly selected by personnel of the inspection agency from the production factory warehouse or distributor operation point. The sampling has a certain degree of fairness and can represent the quality level of the product more truthfully;

The enterprise entrusts inspection, and the samples are delivered by the enterprise. Samples can be specially processed by the enterprise, or sent to the inspection agency for testing after repeated inspections and qualification. Of course, they can also be sampled by the factory's representative quality inspection department and sent to the inspection agency for testing. The representativeness of the samples is poor and lacks impartiality.

2、 Inspection Basis - Standards on which the inspection is based

Standards can be mandatory or recommended for implementation; It can be national standards, industry standards, local standards, or enterprise standards or product technical conditions. General supervision and spot checks are mostly based on national mandatory standards and some industry standards. And entrusted inspection can use the above standards or enterprise standards. For certain newly developed products, "product technical conditions" can be used for testing. For customized export products, testing can also be carried out according to the technical requirements stipulated in the contract.

3、 Inspection items

The inspection items for supervision and spot checks are generally targeted at items that endanger personal safety and hygiene, as well as items with concentrated consumer complaints and significant quality issues. Commissioned inspection, on the other hand, refers to the selection of corresponding inspection items by enterprises based on the characteristics of their products, and entrusting inspection agencies to conduct inspections, which has certain specificity but also considerable limitations.

4、 Inspection results

As a sampling task issued by the national quality supervision department, it is required to have clear inspection results: qualified or unqualified. If the inspection items are incomplete during the entrusted inspection, a judgment of whether they are qualified or not is generally not made. Only express the results of each individual inspection in the inspection report.

The above is some information on the homepage of the inspection report, reflecting the comprehensive content of the inspection report. In the following pages of the inspection report, there are detailed results of each individual inspection.

In order to facilitate customers' reading of the inspection report, the inspection agency lists the relevant technical requirements and standard values of the inspection basis one by one, and also lists the corresponding measured results for users to refer to in detail. There is also an explanation on the subcontracting of some inspection items on the back page of the inspection report.

In the daily supervision and inspection of industry and commerce, when inspecting the quality inspection report of goods by operating units, the original inspection report (stamped with a red seal) should be checked and a copy should be retained, rather than just a copy of the inspection report, to avoid situations such as copying and forging of the inspection report.

 

CMA - is the mark of metrological certification by testing institutions, and institutions with this mark are legitimate inspection institutions. According to the relevant provisions of the Product Quality Law of the People's Republic of China, institutions engaged in social testing and inspection of products within the territory of China must be evaluated and qualified by the national or provincial metrological certification management department in conjunction with the evaluation institution, and can only engage in testing and inspection activities after being established or authorized in accordance with the law. The important contents of metrological certification assessment include personnel qualifications (level), accuracy and precision of inspection equipment and instruments, whether there is a necessary work site and working conditions, whether there are sound work and management regulations, rules and regulations, whether there are correct work basis and inspection methods, etc.

CAL - is the mark of a testing and inspection institution recognized by the national quality review, and institutions with this mark are qualified to make arbitration inspection conclusions. Having CAL mainly means that the inspectors, testing instruments, testing criteria, and methods are qualified, and the prerequisite for having CAL mark is that the metrology certification is qualified, that is, having "CMA" qualification, and the quality management of the organization also meets the requirements. Therefore, it can be considered that having CAL is a step forward in terms of work quality and reliability compared to organizations that only have CMA.

CNAL - the symbol of a national laboratory. Having this mark indicates that the inspection agency has passed the assessment of the China National Laboratory Accreditation Committee, and its inspection capabilities have reached the level of a national laboratory (CMA and CAL only indicate passing the assessment and recognition of provincial quality and technical management agencies). According to the relevant agreements of China's accession to the World Trade Organization, the "CNAL" symbol can be mutually recognized internationally, such as being recognized by countries such as the United States, Japan, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom.

Any of the above three marks is valid, especially the first mark CMA, which is a basic requirement of national laws for testing and inspection institutions. At present, due to market competition and the increasingly mature consumer psychology, as well as the need to deal with the increasingly sophisticated fraudulent methods in the * industry, testing institutions must constantly improve their technical level, testing capabilities, and management methods. Therefore, many testing and inspection institutions have all three of the above logos, possessing the abilities and levels required by the three logos. We can understand that an appraisal certificate with the above three symbols has the "three insurances".

 

Is there a time limit for the validity period of the Product Quality Inspection Report

Product quality inspection reports generally do not have a definite expiration date. For the supervision and spot check of the quality supervision department, it is generally arranged once a year. Therefore, it is best not to accept supervision and inspection reports that have exceeded one year. For general commissioned inspection reports, there are markings or explanations on the report stating "only responsible for the sample". Therefore, the credibility of such inspection reports should be relatively lower and the time should be shorter.